1992
Schumacher Thomas G. et Jones Simon « Muzak:
On Functional Music and Power », Critical Studies in
Mass Communication, n° 9, 1992, p. 156-169.

Although Schumacher and Jones focus on commercial and industrial music, their work provides the critical context for Max Neuhaus's rejection of "music" in favor of "sound installation". 
Active vs. Passive Listening: While the article critiques Muzak for fostering passive, unconscious consumption, Neuhaus’s work (such as his Times Square drone) is often called "counter-Muzak".