1990
In her article "Paul Simon's Graceland, South Africa, and the Mediation of Musical Meaning" (Ethnomusicology, vol. 34, no. 1, 1990), Louise Meintjes analyzes the 1986 album Graceland as a "complex polysemic sign vehicle". She focuses on how the album's collaborative process and stylistic fusion became a site for negotiating racial and ethnic identity during South Africa’s transition from apartheid.
Connection to Max Neuhaus
While Meintjes’s 1990 article focuses on Paul Simon, it is often linked to the work of Max Neuhaus in contemporary interdisciplinary "sound studies" for several key reasons